Van Gogh used many different art techniques to create various special effects.
There are many different components that characterize the classic paintings of Vincent Van Gogh (1853-1890). Anything from the type of canvas to the type of paint used can make a difference in the type of painting an artist can produce. These same characteristics can be used by experts to determine whether a painting is truly by Van Gogh.
Linen Stretched Canvas
Van Gogh favored using a standard portrait linen canvas for his artwork. They were usually woven, machine-made material canvases stretched over a wooden frame. This type of canvas was known to absorb oil very well, thereby preserving the painting done by the artist. Canvas fillers were usually chalk and barium sulphate. These materials were readily available throughout Europe in Van Gogh's time, specifically in Paris.
Composition Sketch
The composition sketch was usually centered on the canvas and marked by Van Gogh by a charcoal "C" to ensure proper placement of the sketch. Van Gogh would then execute the initial composition sketch in charcoal until he abandoned this tradition in late 1888. He would also work on penciling in horizontal lines to give his painting a sense of depth. This, plus the intricate detail he added during the actual painting process, added a wonderful sense of rich detail and texture to the painting that was unique to his style.
Type of Paint
Van Gogh used many bright colors to give his paintings a sense of depth and a vibrant life all their own. He used blues, greens, purples, oranges, reds and other colors that at the time were exclusive to Paris art stores. Van Gogh's brushwork is also bold and intense. His dimensions and highly personal, easily recognizable post-impressionist style have made him one of the most valued artists of the 19th century.
Legacy
Van Gogh's contributions to the art world --such as his use of texture, bright palette and visionary style -- are still felt today and are still influencing young artists. Although he died in abject poverty, his works today now command millions on the international market. His last paintings, such as "Wheat Field with Crows," have a haunting intensity that makes us question what he might have achieved had he not suffered from depression and committed suicide at age 37.
